亚细环柄菇 图58
Lepiota felina (Pers.) P. Karst., Ryssl., Finl. Skand. Halfons Hattsvamp.: 10, 1879.
Agaricus felinus Pers., Syn. Meth. Fung.: 261, 1801.
Lepiota clypeolaria var. felina (Pers.) Gillet, Hyménomycètes: 62, 1878.
担子果很小。菌盖直径 1.5~3 cm,初半球形,成熟后平展,中凸,白色,中央具较低且钝的暗褐色凸起,随菌盖生长向四周撕裂成同心环状排列的暗褐色至近黑色块状小鳞片,向边缘渐小和渐稀疏,鳞片边缘常向上翻卷,露出白色的菌肉;菌褶离生,白色,稍密,不等长,中间膨大,有时可达5 mm宽。菌柄长2~4 cm,直径0.2~0.4cm,向基部渐粗,中空,基部明显膨大;菌环以上污白色,光滑,菌环以下褐色,中下部具稀疏排列的暗褐色鳞片,基部具白色的菌索;菌环上位,窄细、呈手铐状,上表面白色,下表面具褐色鳞片。
担子23~32×7~9µm,棒状或窄棒状,多具4孢梗,有时具2孢梗。担孢子5~7x3~4 µm [Q=1.38~2.00, Q=1.65±0.14],侧面观椭圆形或长椭圆形,有时近杏仁形,上脐部不凹陷,腹部近平直,有时顶部变尖,背腹观椭圆或卵圆形,无色透明,光滑,壁略厚,类糊精质,刚果红中变红,甲酚蓝中不变色:小尖稍凸出,褶缘囊状体19~28 ×4~8 µm,近圆柱状或窄棒状,有时会收缩呈窄葫芦状,纺锤状,无色透明,壁略厚,侧生囊状体阙如,盖表鳞片由呈毛状排列的菌丝组成,但菌丝在生长过程中常倒伏,末端细胞88~280×9~18µm,近圆柱状,顶部钝圆或向顶部渐窄,未见无锁状联合的横隔,基部具棒状短细胞, 19~60x8~14 µm:具褐色至暗褐色胞内及胞壁色素,基部以下细胞常具暗褐色胞外色素,锁状联合存在于担子果各部位。
生境:夏秋季生于针阔混交林中地上。
世界分布:欧洲及亚洲。
模式产地:欧洲。
研究标本:北京:海淀,罗道庄,1961年9月5日,郭道莲和李惠中(HMAS30965)。吉林:抚松,露水河,海拔625m,2004年8月12日,张丽芳408(HKAS5801)。
讨论:亚细环柄菇L.felina的主要特征是菌盖鳞片暗褐色;菌环细窄、呈手铐状,着生于菌柄上部:担孢子椭圆形至长椭圆形;褶缘囊状体近柱状或窄棒状;菌盖表面鳞片末端细胞未见无锁状联合的横隔。
亚细环柄菇近缘于假紫鳞环柄菇L.pseudolilacea(Vellinga,.2O0lc),详细讨论见假紫鳞环柄菇。
#“作者认为区分假紫鳞环柄菇与亚细环柄菇可以通过菌盖表面颜色,菌柄基部是否明显膨大,担孢子腹面是近平直还是微腹鼓状,以及褶缘囊状体及菌盖表面鳞片末端细胞横隔是否具有锁状联合来进行鉴别”——摘自假紫鳞环柄菇讨论,其菌盖鳞片略浅,褐色、紫褐色至深褐色,菌柄基部膨大不明显,担孢子腹面微腹鼓状,褶缘囊状体及盖皮末端细胞横隔偶尔具有无锁状联合的横隔。#亚细环柄菇可能有毒(Isiloglu&Watling,.1991)。
27.L.felina (Pers.) Fr.(sensu Rea).(Plate i2. fig. E.)
Rather small. Cap about 2½ cm, conic-convex. When in bud the whole cap is black - the umbo covered by minute, erect, acuminate squamules of agglutinate hairs; but when itexpands the cuticle -- except at the umbo -- disintegrates into minute granules on a whitishground. The stem is rather tall, minutely fibrillose, towards the base somewhat dirtgraywith darker squamules, above the middle with a membranaceous ring which is dark graybelow.
Spores ovate-ellipsoid,6½-7½ X 3¾-4½µ. Cystidia clavate to obtusely fusiform, 5-8µ, broad.
In woods of Picea, solitary. Rare.
The dark-squamulose small Lepiotas L. gracilis Quel, L. pseudo-felina Lange and L. felina (sensuRea) are most casily distinguished by their spores. But their synonymy is rather hopelessly entangledThe plant here described as L. felina is the form mentioned by REA (loc. cit.), a pinophilous Agaric in contradistinction to the two others. RICKEN's species is different (vide no. 17).