麻环柄菇 图53
Lepiota micropholis (Berk.&Broome) Sacc.,Syll.Fung.5:61,1887.
Agaricus micropholis Berk&Broome,Journ.Linn.Soc.,Bot.11:505,1871
担子果很小。菌盖直径1,5~2cm,初近圆维形，后渐平展，白色至污白色，被灰色至褐灰色的细小鳞片，菌盖中央往往具较钝的凸起，中央鳞片较密，向边缘渐小和渐稀疏：菌盖边缘有辐射状沟纹（长度约占菌盖半径的1/2）；菌褶离生，白色，中密至密，不等长。菌柄长3~5cm,直径0.2~0.4cm,近圆柱状，白色至污白色，近光滑或被有稀疏的丝状鳞片，中空，基部膨大；菌环上位，白色，膜质，宿存或脱落。菌盖菌肉白色，不变色，薄。
担子15~20 x 4~6 µm 棒状，具4孢梗。担孢子4.5~5.5 x 2.7~3.2µm [Q=1.50~1.79(1.89), Q=1.67±0.12],侧面观呈椭圆形至长椭圆形,稀近杏仁形,背腹观呈椭圆形至长椭圆形,上脐部不凹陷,无色透明,光滑,壁薄至稍厚,类糊精质;小尖细小,褶缘囊状体20~30 x 8~15µm,宽棒状至球头短柄状,无色,薄壁,稀疏排列于褶缘。侧生囊状体阙如。菌盖表面鳞片由呈子实层状排列的膨大细胞组成,膨大细胞20~35x10~20µm ,梨形、近球形至球头短柄状,具灰褐色胞内色素。锁状联合可能阙如。
生境：夏秋生于干性季节性雨林中地上。
世界分布:亚洲热带地区(斯里兰卡和中国南部)。
模式产地：斯里兰卡。
研究标本:云南:景洪,大勐龙, 1995年8月14日,杨祝良2178(HKAS29453)
讨论:麻环柄菇L. micropholis的主要特点是担子果很小;菌盖白色至污白色，被灰色至褐灰色的细小鳞片,边缘有辐射状沟纹;菌柄白色,基部膨大;担孢子椭圆形至长椭圆形，4.5~5.5 x 2.7~3.2µm；菌盖表面鳞片由呈子实层状排列的膨大细胞组成。
李建宗等(1993)曾记载我国有此种,惜作者没能研究到有关标本。
4. Lepiota micropholis (Berk. & Br.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. 5: 61 (1887).
Agaricus micropholis Berk. & Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot. I I: 505 (1871).
Pileus 15 mm. diam., conical then expanding, with a low umbo, surface covered with minute, dark greyish brown squamules which are very crowded at the disk but sparse at the margin, revealing the white underlying context. Margin entire, undulate. Lamellae free, white, up to I -5 mm. wide, crowded with lamellulae of two lengths. Stipe 22-24 x 1-1.5 mm., equal, cylindric, hollow, surface white, smooth. Annulus persistent, membranous, ascendant, white, attached to upper third of the stipe. Context white, very thin, about 1mm. thick at the disk, almost absent over the lamellae. Spores 4-4.7 x 2.5-3.4 (4.5 x 3) μm, ovoid, hyaline, thin-walled, dextrinoid. Basidia 13-14 x 4.5-5.5μm, clavate, bearing four sterigmata. Lamella-edge not recovered, cheilocystidia unknown. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileal surface a hymeniform epithelium of subglobose to pyriform elements, 24-35 x 18-32μm, thinwalled, containing a brown vacuolar pigment.
CEYLON. Peradeniya, on the ground, Jan. 1869, Thwaites 906 cum icon.(K, holotype).
A second collection, Thwaites 779, which was originally described as a 'dull white or reddish grey form' differs froIm the type in having more elongate spores, and possibly represents a collection of L. apalochroa (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. Collections described under this name from Trinidad by Dennis (1952: 472) differ in possessing a plicate-striate oileus, and the absence of any epithelial elements in the cuticular layer.
