瓶囊囊小伞Cystolepiota fumosifolia

描述1 描述来源：中国真菌志 第52卷 环柄菇卷（蘑菇科）
类型：完整的描述（摘录自专著、论文等）
描述原文：
瓶囊囊小伞 图19
Cystolepiota fumosifolia (Murrill) Vellinga, Mycotaxon 98: 226, figs. 1-2,2007.
Lepiota fumosifolia Murrill, Mycologia 4: 233, 1912.
Lepiota cystidiosa A.H.Sm., Papers Mich. Acad. Sci., Arts Letters 27:58,1942
Lepiota luteicystidiata D.A. Reid, Nova Hedwigia 13,Suppl: 9,1967.
Lepiota lycoperdoides Kreisel,Wiss.Z.Ernst Moritz Arndt-Univ. Greifswald 16:238, 1967.
Cystolepiota luteicystidiata (D.A.Reid) Bon,Doc.Mycol.6(24):43,1976.
Cystolepiota cystidiosa (A.H.Sm.) Bon, Doc. Mycol. 11(43): 26, 1981.
Cystolepiota luteicystidiata var. lycoperdoides (Kreisel) Bon, Doc. Mycol.11(43):26,1981.
担子果小型。菌盖直径3~4cm，初半球形，后期近平展，中央明显凸起，白色，密被颗粒、疣状至近锥状的絮状鳞片，幼时鳞片白色，后变为米色、淡粉红色、灰褐色至黄褐色;边缘延生;菌肉白色。菌褶离生，较密，不等长，米色，老时常有褐色斑点，菌褶干后变为褐色至灰褐色。菌柄长 4~7 cm，直径 0.4~0.6cm，近圆柱形，向上稍细，菌环之上近光滑，白色，菌环之下密被与菌盖表面同色的绒状鳞片，中空。菌环，位至近顶生，薄，膜质，易消失。
菌褶菌髓为规则型，由直径 5~15 um 的菌丝构成。担子 15~22x6~6.5 μm，棒状,具4孢梗,孢梗长达3um;担子基部横隔上有锁状联合。担孢子 4~5x2~2.5(3)um[Q=1.67~2.25，Q=1.88±0.17]，长椭圆形，无色，光滑，薄壁，非淀粉质，非类糊精质;小尖细小。侧生囊状体花瓶状至蛇形(30~50x6~10 μm)，无色透明或有黄色内含物。褶缘囊状体密集，花瓶状至蛇形(20~30x7~8μm)，近无色透明或有黄色至褐色内含物。菌盖表面鳞片由不规则排列的菌丝和膨大细胞组成:膨大细胞非常丰富,卵状、近球形至宽椭圆形(30~60x25~40μm)，2~4个连成念珠状，近无色透明，薄壁;菌丝较丰富，直径 2~5μm，无色透明。担子果各部位皆有锁状联合。
生境:夏秋季生于林中地上。
世界分布:北半球温带至亚热带广大地区，在印度南部也有记载(Kumar& Manimohan,2009c)。
模式产地:美国。
研究标本:云南，石林，圭山，2001年7月28日，图力古尔(HMJAU)。台湾:新竹，斯马库斯山，1994 年 5 月 25 日，周文能 501(TNM F2207)
讨论:瓶囊囊小伞 C.fumosifolia 的主要特点是担子果小型，菌褶干后变为褐色至灰褐色,侧生囊状体和褶缘囊状体花瓶状至蛇形,其中常含有黄色内含物,担孢子光滑，锁状联合常见。
该种的学名过去曾使用“Cystolepiota cystidiosa (A.H.Sm.) Bon”，但根据 Vellinga(2007c)的意见，宜使用“C.fumosifolia (Murrill) Vellinga”。

描述2 描述来源：Rare species of Lepiota and related genera
类型：完整的描述（摘录自专著、论文等）
描述原文：
Cystolepiota fumosifolia (Murrill) Vellinga Fig. 1
Description and iconography: Canduso, Lanzoni (1990): 104-107 & 637, Fig. 14 & Tab. 5c (as C. luteocystidiata); Kelderman (1994): 38-39 (as C. luteocystidiata); Vellinga, Huijser (1998a): 518-521 & 522, Fig. 2b-d & 3b-c (as C. cystidiosa); Ludwig (2000): 33, Tab. 31:19.2A & B (as C. luteocystidiata); Ludwig (2001): 101-102 (as C. luteocystidiata); Vellinga (2001e): 155-156, Fig. 121; Gminder (2003): 53 (as C. cystidiosa); Vellinga (2006): 226-228, Fig. 1 & 2 ; Kumar, Manimohan (2009b): 282-283.
synonyms: Lepiota fumosifolia Murrill; Lepiota cystidiosa A.H. Sm.; Cystolepiota cystidiosa (A.H. Sm.) Bon; Lepiota luteocystidiata D.A. Reid; Cystolepiota luteocys tidiata (D.A. Reid) Bon; Lepiota lycoperdoides Kreisel; Cystolepiota cystidiosa var. lycoperdoides (Kreisel) Bon
macroscopic and microscopic features: Pileus 20-35 mm in diameter, first spherical then plano-convex, covered with yellowish-brown to reddish-brown, acute, granular pyramidal squamules and warts. Lamellae moderate crowded, free, cream coloured, with dark spots in old specimens. Stipe up to 50 × 4.5 mm, cylindrical, covered with yellowish-brown fibrils and floccose patches, discolouring brown when touched. Spores ellipsoid or cylindrical, colourless, with slightly thickened walls, 4.0 5.5 × 2.0-3.0 μm (lit. 3.5-5.5(6.0) × 2.0-3.0 μm), without iodine reaction. Basidia 4-spored, 14-22 × 4.5-7 μm (lit. 12.5-20 × 4.5-6.5 μm). Lamellar edge sterile, cov ered with yellow drops. Cheilocystidia variable in shape, fusoid and clavate, often with long moniliform neck or apical capitulum, 15-40 × 7-11 μm (lit. 15-40(50) × 6.5-12 μm), medium to thick-walled, often with yellow content or exudate. Pleuro cystidia abundant, clavate, usually without moniliform excrescences, with yellow (in ammonia green-yellow) content, visible on the lamella surface as yellow dots. Pileus covering composed from globose elements, up to 80 μm in diameter, thin-walled, with yellowish pigment. Clamp-connections present in all tissues.
LocaLities: 1. Otowo near Lusowo village, in deciduous, moist forest near al lotments, very numerous, on rich soil under Coryllus avellana, Populus tremula and Alnus glutinosa; ATPOL: BD-07; 28.08.2010; leg., det. B. Gierczyk; BGF/ BG/100828/0003. 2. “Uroczysko Marcelin” forest in western part of Poznań city, along the road near Junikowski Stream, at the margin of the wood belonging to Fraxino-Alnetum association, few basidiocarps on wet, rich soil under Populus tremu la; ATPOL: BD-08; 26.09.2009, 25.08.2010; leg., det. B. Gierczyk; BGF/090926/0008, BGF/BF/100825/0002. 3. Warsaw city, Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden - Centre for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, a dozen of basidiocarps in the greenhouses with collection of tropical (near Acalypha wilkesiana, Acokanthera oblongifolia, Asplenium nidus, Cyathea smithii, Diffenbachia sp., Dioscorea macroura, Ficus nitida, Fittonia verschaffeltii, Grevillea robusta, Hibiscus sp., Hoffmannia sp., Pilea sp., Strelitzia regina, Zamia furfuracea), subtropical (Impatiens niamniamensis, Ruscus hypophyllum) and xerophytic plants (Aloe vera, A. claviflora); ATPOL: ED 37; 01.03.2010; 29.03.2010, 12.04.2010, 19.04.2010, 10.05.2010, 24.05.2010; leg. A. Szczepkowski, det. B. Gierczyk, A. Szczepkowski; BGF/BF/100301/0001, BGF/BF/ ASz/100329/0001, BGF/BF/ASz/100329/0002, BGF/BF/ASz/100329/0003, BGF/BF/ ASz/100412/0001, BGF/BF/ASz/100412/0002, BGF/BF/ASz/100419/0001, BGF/BF/ ASz/100419/0002, BGF/BF/ASz/100419/0003, BGF/BF/ASz/100419/0004, BGF/BF/ ASz/100510/0002, BGF/BF/ASz/100524/0001. 4. Kaźmierski Landscape Park, 1.5 km E from Parchatka village, on the loamy soil in the wood belonging to Tilio-Carpine tum association, one basidiocarp; ATPOL: FE-13; 02.09.2009; leg. B. Mazurek, det. B. Gierczyk; BGF/BF/090902/0002. Distribution anD remarks: Rare species known from scattered localities in Europe (Denmark, Germany, Netherlands), North America and Indian subconti nent, where was found in deciduous forest on nitrogen-rich soil, known also from greenhouses (Vellinga 2001e, 2006, 2007; Gminder 2003; Lange 2008b; Kumar, Manimohan 2009b). Species new to Poland, easy to recognize because of charac teristic pileus covering, moniliform cystidia with yellow content and non-dextrinoid spores.

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参考翻译：
菌盖直径20-35毫米，初期呈球形后渐平展呈扁半球形，表面覆盖浅黄褐至红褐色的尖锐颗粒状锥形鳞片与疣突。菌褶密度中等，离生，乳白色，老熟标本具深色斑点。菌柄长达50×4.5毫米，圆柱形，具黄褐色纤毛及絮状斑块，触压后变褐色。孢子椭圆或圆柱形，无色，壁稍增厚，4.0-5.5×2.0-3.0微米（文献记载3.5-5.5(6.0)×2.0-3.0微米），无碘反应。担子4孢，14-22×4.5-7微米（文献记载12.5-20×4.5-6.5微米）。菌褶边缘不育层覆盖黄色液滴。担子体形态多样，呈纺锤形或棒状，常具念珠状长颈或顶端头状膨大，15-40×7-11微米（文献记载15-40(50)×6.5-12微米），中等厚度壁至厚壁，常含黄色内含物或渗出物。侧生囊状体丰富，棒状，通常无念珠状突起，含黄色内含物（遇氨水呈黄绿色），在菌褶表面呈现黄色点状物。菌盖皮层由球状细胞组成，直径可达80微米，薄壁，含黄色色素。所有组织均具锁状联合。